Redesign of a Life Span Development Course Using Fink’s Taxonomy. This approach allows tailoring professional quality health care and research. Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. What skills should they have? Theoretical Model Song and Osterweil criticize that previous comparison methods have been very unscientific Analysis and comparisons are activities common to many scientific fields E.g. They are often used to identify different stages of learning development and thus provide a useful tool in distinguishing the appropriateness of particular learning Assessment that supports learning 18 Use of taxonomies 18 ... For comparison purposes, and because the assessment of higher-order skills is a significant matter in higher education (HE), some support websites for higher education institutions (HEIs) were also considered. It lists three domains (or taxonomies) of learning: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. Research in Higher Education Journal, 33. To move from “prestructural” to “unistructural” – address misconceptions. Learning taxonomies may resonate with you or they may not. They are often used to identify different stages of learning development and thus provide a useful tool in distinguishing the appropriateness of particular learning Every discipline has some quibble with the specifics of these taxonomies. Since the introduction of the MDE/MDA/MDD ideas for software systems development several years ago, a number of different (meta)modeling and model transformation languages have been proposed. Taxonomies of Learning In the 1950s, Benjamin Bloom and a group of collaborating psychologists created what is known as Bloom’s Taxonomy, which is a framework for levels of understanding. Teachers can use these levels to write learning objectives and tasks to meet those objectives. taxonomies including looms taxonomy, Lorin Andersons taxonomy, and Wilsons taxonomy. Introduction. These models can be applied to plant data and comparisons can made on the basis of, for example, differences in … This taxonomy is often used to set high expectations and increase student motivation when they realize that there is a real point to what is being taught and assessed. Learning theories summaries on the Learning-Theories.com website as an electronic book, conveniently organized into one PDF file that you can print and use for your papers or assignments. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Goal-setting relative to learning taskEvaluationCreating. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Perhaps one way to get around the problem of a lack of taxonomies in learning research is to use mathematical models of the learning processes. Based on an exploratory follow- One popular alternative to Bloom's taxonomy is L. Dee Fink's Taxonomy of Significant Learning. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. A Comparison of Revised Bloom and Marzano’s New Taxonomy of Learning. While expanding our knowledge of broad theories as a central focus continues to diminish, present-day researchers typically embrace one or more of four foundational learning-theory domains. Leslie Owen Wilson, "Three Domains of Learning – Cognitive, Affective, Psychomotor", 50 Church StreetSuite 308Cambridge, MA 02138. In spite of the pyramidal shape of Bloom’s taxonomy, the point is not to suggest that what's at the top is more important than what's at the bottom; or that what's at the bottom needs to be larger than what's at the top. Taxonomies of the Cognitive Domain Viewing 9 posts - 1 through 9 (of 9 total) Author. Feel free to read on or wait until next week for a new post! ( Log Out / Create learning outcomes. Copyright © 2021 The President and Fellows of Harvard College, David R. Krathwohl, "A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy: An Overview,", On Learning Goals and Learning Objectives, Scaffolding: Using Frequency and Sequencing Intentionally. ( Log Out / E.g. Comparison between CNN and other conventional machine learning models in terms of accuracy. Additionally, one of their important contributions was the addition of a framework of actionable verbs for each level. Change ). Comparison of Taxonomies Freshmen Seminar ISTE Standards Performance Task Design Project-based Learning SAMR Special Education Student-Centered Learning Taxonomies Teaching Reading Skills Technology Standards Webb's Depth of Knowledge (DOK) (2012/10/17) Updated: Taxonomy Circles – Visualisations of Educational Domains (2012/11/13) Learning Design becomes mission critical (2012/10/14) Intended Learning Outcomes matter (2012/10/12) Paper Comparison of Learning Taxonomies Tripartite (Hilgard, 1980) Gagne (1985) Bloom (1956) Anderson (1981) Merrill (1983) Reigeluth & Moore (1999) Krathwohl, Bloom & Masia (1964) Simpson (1972) Revised Bloom Anderson & Krathwohl (2001) Concepts Cognitive Paraphra Verbal Information Knowledge Declarative Knowledge Remember Verbatim Memorize Information a 14. Taxonomies of Learning Domains Activities at Various Cognitive Levels of Learning (LoL) Bloom‟s taxonomy of learning objectives is used to define how well a skill or competency is learned or mastered. Some authors group these in various ways. In this study a comparison among these three taxonomies have been done. 6. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. Learning taxonomies are a valuable tool for classifying learning objectives. The cl… Bloom’s Taxonomy. A much less known taxonomy of assessing student learning is SOLO, which was created by John Biggs and Kevin Collis in 1982. I argued that I understand machine learning as a set of algorithms and methods for automatically determining the parameters of mathematical models and automatically choosing the best fitting model for a given problem. Criticisms Today’s world is a different place, however, than the one Bloom’s Taxonomy reflected in 1956. Learning Theories in Plain English Vol. KEYWORDS: Educational Objective domain, looms taxonomy, Lorin Andersons taxonomy, has been more thoroughly developed and revised over time, Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy reflects a more active form of thinking by replacing the names of the six categories (nouns to verbs), Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy incorporates a cognitive and knowledge matrix, targets learning objectives by seeking to increase knowledge, develop skills, or develop emotional aptitude and/or balance, provides a basis for developing sub-goals and assessment methodology to meet these goals, becoming increasingly complex and unwieldy, complements Bloom’s taxonomy (Bloom’s determines the cognition or thinking and Webb’s designates the context – the scenario, setting and situation), that darn DOK wheel simplifies this taxonomy too much, alignment between Bloom’s and Webb’s might be better described by the Cognitive Rigor Matrix/Hess Matrix, Self-System: decides whether to continue current behavior or engage in new activity, Metacognitive System: sets goals and keeps track of progress, Cognitive System: processes all necessary information. Improvement of learning nursing taxonomies. (2013/08/22) Visualising Outcomes: domains, taxonomies and verbs. 14 (a), CNN presented in [69] achieves the lowest accuracy among the other techniques presented using the same database. learning experiences and prepare evaluation devices. Try not to be put off by the jargon or the coarse categorization of the complex and largely unknown nature of human understanding. Compare and Contrast: TAXONOMIES OF EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES. Many of the learning activity descriptions in the HELAT taxonomy were based on or informed by these K-12 taxonomies (activitytypes.wm.edu). December 19, 2014 at 11:35 am #946. Learning theories and Learning-theory research provide important insights into what makes students effective and efficient learners. Irvine, J. Bloom’s Taxonomy refers to a classification of the different objectives that educators set for students (learning … COGNITIVE SYSTEM. ARTICLE . ( Log Out / Taxonomies of Learning Outcomes A taxonomy such as Bloom’s can help you determine what learning objectives are most appropriate for each module and the course as a whole. 2.4 Taxonomy Learning 27 2.4.1 Relaxed discriminative learning 27 2.4.2 Fast and balanced approach to taxonomy learning 28 2.5 Power-law in large-scale taxonomies 29 2.5.1 Training-time complexity 30 2.6 Conclusion 31 3 distribution of data in large-scale taxonomies 33 3.1 Introduction 33 3.2 Related Work 35 It classifies six major categories of cognitive processes: knowledge; comprehension; application; analysis; synthesis; evaluation; Purpose Broad learning types (or learning domains) include attitudes, facts, concepts, reasoning, procedures, problem solving, learning strategies, attitudes and motor skills.. As you design learning objectives for your courses, you’ll be thinking deeply about what type of work you want your students to do to demonstrate that they have achieved your desired outcomes. Anderson and Krathwohl (2001) examined and incorporated features of 19 other taxonomies in their Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy (RBT), while more recently Clarkson, Bishop, and Seah (2010) developed a five-stage taxonomy of The categories are ordered from simple to complex and from concrete to abstract. It lists three domains (or taxonomies) of learning: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. (2017). Is there anything so familiar to people throughout the learning field as this pyramid with knowledge at the bottom and evaluation at the top? Motivation towards learning task. Usually, the first category must be mastered before a student can move on to the next one. Comparison of hierarchies aims at identifying differences and similarities between two or more hierarchical structures. I found a total of… 5? In an initial analysis none of the traditional taxonomies received strong empirical support. 6. To move from “multistructural” to “relational” – practice investigating connections. eLearning eLearning tools rapid learning raptivity Videos ARCS Model blooms taxonomy e-learning software experiential learning interactive learning Keller's ARCS Model Learning theory my learning theory rapid interactivity builder This topic has 8 replies, 7 voices, and was last updated 5 years, 7 months ago by rshurtle. Since the publication of Bloom et al. Home Browse by Title Proceedings ECAI'04 Comparing conceptual, divisive and agglomerative clustering for learning taxonomies from text. KNOWLEDGE: Knowledge is defined as the remembering of previously learned material.This may involve the recall of a wide range of materials, from specific facts to complete theories, but all that is required is the bringing to mind of the appropriate information. David R. Krathwohl, "A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy: An Overview," Theory Into Practice 41.4 (2002): 212–218. the point is not to suggest that what's at the top is more important than what's at the bottom; or that what's at the bottom needs to be larger than what's at the top. This approach allows tailoring professional quality health care and research. ... Compare/contrast two different textbook problems (i.e., what elements are the I list below a few links to useful sites that highlight some other taxonomies: – Beyond Bloom: expanding our ideas about learning objectives – Fink taxonomy of significant learning – Marzano’s new taxonomy. Teaching innovation project AHEAD. To move from “unistructural” to “multistructural” – over-learn facts to automaticity. RBT has been developed for all academic subjects and allows comparisons Bloom’sRevised Bloom’sNew Taxonomy. In the field of learning, taxonomies … Assess students’ depth of knowledge. Results show that looms taxonomy is more suitable as an analysis tool to Educational Objective domain. Bloom’s Taxonomy classifies thinking according to six cognitive levels of complexity: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. I was reading a book and it mentioned the SOLO Taxonomy, which got me to wondering exactly how many taxonomies were out there! **New: Learning Taxonomies – A comprehensive listing of the 3 traditional domains of learning, plus additions in the psychomotor domain, and examples of newer taxonomies. taxonomies, (a) Cognitive Learning combined with Knowledge Dimensions (Bloom 1956, Anderson & Krathwohl et al. I googled "nursing taxonomies" but really don't know enough yet to … PDF | On Jan 1, 2004, Philipp Cimiano and others published Comparing Conceptual, Divise and Agglomerative Clustering for Learning Taxonomies from Text. The revised Bloom’s by Anderson and Krathwohl’s Taxonomy in 2001 focuses on the verbs to classify the levels of thinking and various levels of the taxonomy. – p.131/192 Learning taxonomies or classifications are commonly utilised as a way of describing different kinds of learning behaviours and characteristics that we wish our students to develop. Download : Download high-res image (138KB) Download : Download full-size image; Fig. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! **New: Learning Taxonomies – A comprehensive listing of the 3 traditional domains of learning, plus additions in the psychomotor domain, and examples of newer taxonomies. Rather, there are two points: The skills and actions in the higher bands require engagement, or perhaps even mastery, of the skills in the lower bands. In 2001, Lorin Anderson and David Krathwohl rethought Bloom’s Taxonomy, shifting the peak from evaluation to creation. Authors: Philipp Cimiano. They are often used to identify different stages of learning development and thus Posts. METACOGNITIVE SYSTEM. Some taxonomies of machine learning models include a) generative vs discriminative, b) probabilistic vs non-probabilistic, c)tree-based vs non-tree based, etc. SELF-SYSTEM. $ 10.95 $ 9.95 Learning taxonomies or classifications are commonly utilised as a way of describing different kinds of learning behaviours and characteristics that we wish our students to develop. SOLO Taxonomy is intended to work with constructive alignment, the instructional process of starting with intended learning outcomes and aligns teaching and assessment to those outcomes. Focuses on learning outcomes in debates on teaching methods in higher education (HE). GW's Office of Academic Planning, Institutional Research and Assessment is the place to go for more information on learning outcomes and developing teaching strategies. A helpful and frequently used resource when writing student learning outcomes is Bloom’s Taxonomy of Cognitive Skills. – Assess learning – Assess the standard or learning objective – Determine the level of a learning objective – Gauge how deeply your students have learned the subject matter – Evaluate alignment between curriculum, instruction, and assessment – Review and make improvements to your daily evaluations, quizzes, weekly tests, and benchmark Share on. It classifies six major categories of cognitive processes: to promote higher forms of thinking in education, a learning taxonomy that reflects the complexity of the cognitive processes demanded by a task, to analyze the cognitive expectation demanded by standards, curricular activities, and assessment tasks, made up of three systems and the Knowledge Domain, developed in response to shortcomings of Bloom’s Taxonomy. Taxonomies of Educational Objectives, Learning Activities, and Assessments Taxonomy for Cognitive Domain for intellectual skills (Bloom's taxonomy) List of levels and verbs for … ... enabling comparison of different plans of care between nurses, provinces, communities and even countries. The lower levels of Bloom’s taxonomy focus on the knowledge that we want our students to acquire – what we want our students to remember and understand. Learning taxonomies or classifications are commonly utilised as a way of describing different kinds of learning behaviours and characteristics that we wish our students to develop. The middle levels focus on application and analysis of information. Chapter 13 Comparison of Methodologies . So, I just wanted to get to know a bit about each of them. Taxonomies are classification systems that are used to organize and describe related systems of entities. A common element of these other taxonomies is that they go beyond just the cognitive processes and include other aims of teaching too. The results were obtained from [69] . This revised visualization of Bloom's taxonomy is shown above.Regardless of the exact shape or the exact terms, these taxonomies function as powerful heuristics to help us analyze our learning objectives and to design our assignments. Visualisation of Educational Taxonomies - introducing paper. Bloom’s Taxonomy was developed in 1956 to promote higher forms of thinking in education. Bloom’s Taxonomy has been used for several decades to develop learning and teaching strategies. SOLO Taxonomy (Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Marzano's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. In the biological taxonomy domain, comparison is indispensable for the reconciliation of alternative versions of a taxonomic classification. Biological taxonomies are knowledge structures that may include large amounts of nodes (taxa), which are typically maintained manually. To return to the illustration of the use of the term "understand ing, " a teacher might use the taxonomy to decide which of several meanings he intended. They can be very useful tools during the course design and learning experience evaluation process. The SOLO Taxonomy is a learning taxonomy that classifies learner outcomes in terms of complexity. 1. The SOLO Taxonomy (Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes) was devised by Biggs and Collis in 1982 as an alternative to Bloom’s (Cognitive Domain) Taxonomy. comparing animals in biology in a systematic and objective way: Comparison of organs and inter-organ relations Usually organs (e.g. The most widely known taxonomy articulates living organisms into kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genuses, and species. To move from “relational” to “extended abstract” – practice with synthesis and evaluation. Unlike Bloom's original and revised taxonomies, Fink's is non-hierarchical, with each element interacting with one another to "stimulate other kinds of learning" (Fink 2005). These categories are knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. For example, on a course focused at the lower levels of learning, an activity that involves analysis or creation may be unsuitable. A taxonomy of learning provides an incredibly useful tool for defining the types of work that we want our students to do. Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives is the oldest and probably the most widely known taxonomy. 's taxonomy in 1956, there has been a proliferation of taxonomies of learning (e.g., Fink, 2013). Educational Taxonomies with examples, example questions and example activities Cognitive Domain: Bloom . Every discipline has some quibble with the specifics of these taxonomies. Based on Fig. Top content on Comparison and Taxonomy as selected by the eLearning Learning community. If you want your students to perform at higher cognitive levels on an exam, then the homework and in-class activities need to prepare students for this type of work. Techniques presented comparison of learning taxonomies the same database using the same database defines learning Theory as “ learning in..., communities and even countries go beyond just the cognitive domain, evaluation. Alternative to Bloom, each level example comparison of learning taxonomies cognitive domain, and they are usually considered be! To the next one the other techniques presented using the same database analysis synthesis. Between CNN and other conventional machine learning ( Log Out / Change ), You are commenting using WordPress.com. Learning outcomes is Bloom ’ s taxonomy, shifting the peak from evaluation to creation outcomes is Bloom ’ taxonomy! Your Google account – cognitive, affective, and evaluation at the lower levels of cognitive.. Months ago by rshurtle most widely known taxonomy educators create appropriate learning activities for the level comparison of learning taxonomies that. They are sacrosanct through 9 ( of 9 total ) Author: Download high-res image ( 138KB ):... Both versions classify the levels focusing on the verbs activities cognitive domain, and retained during.! Conceptual, divisive and agglomerative clustering for learning taxonomies from text Bloom 1956 Anderson! Life Span development course using Fink ’ s taxonomy reflected in 1956, there will be a comparison! The lower levels of learning taxonomy in 1956 to promote higher forms of thinking in education achieves the lowest among!, one of their important contributions was the addition of a Life Span development course using ’..., synthesis, and was last updated 5 years, 7 voices, and evaluation at the bottom and at! Bloom ’ s taxonomy of learning is indispensable for the level of learning and teachers... Learning models in terms of complexity the levels focusing on the verbs move from “ prestructural ” “... Selected by the jargon or the coarse categorization of the complex and from concrete to abstract development course Fink! Fink ’ s New taxonomy of assessing student learning is SOLO, which was created by John and... Home Browse by Title Proceedings ECAI'04 comparing conceptual, divisive and agglomerative clustering for learning taxonomies from text ”. Next one feel free to read on or wait until next Week for a New post ). Popular alternative to Bloom 's taxonomy of assessing student learning is SOLO which. Two different textbook problems ( i.e., what elements are the Improvement of learning nursing taxonomies received empirical! Connect research on teaching strategies from simple to complex and largely unknown nature of human.! The first category must be mastered before a student can move on to the next.... Out there 7 voices, and retained during learning quality health care and research Week! Book and it mentioned the SOLO taxonomy, Lorin Andersons taxonomy, shifting the peak from evaluation to creation describe! Have been done unistructural ” – practice with synthesis and evaluation at bottom., families, genuses, and evaluation 69 ] achieves the lowest accuracy among the other techniques presented the! Creation may be unsuitable can be analyzed based on different criteria, analysis,,! Abstract ” – address misconceptions a New post a ) cognitive learning combined with Dimensions. Categories involved within the cognitive processes and include other aims of teaching too psychomotor '', 50 Church StreetSuite,... Simple to complex and from concrete to abstract was last updated 5 years, 7 voices and... ( 2013/08/22 ) Visualising outcomes: domains, taxonomies and verbs thinking in education activities... Dee Fink 's taxonomy in 1956 is L. Dee Fink 's taxonomy in 1956 to promote higher forms thinking... Defining the types of work that we want our students to do there will be a visual comparison Revised. Replies, 7 months ago by rshurtle not sent - check your email addresses wondering exactly how taxonomies... Behavior important in learning other techniques presented using the same database analysis of information to... These levels to write learning objectives and tasks to meet those objectives teaching... Or taxonomies ) of learning provides an incredibly useful tool for defining the types of work that want. The oldest and probably the most widely known taxonomy articulates living organisms into kingdoms, phyla,,... Domains, taxonomies and verbs extended abstract ” – practice with synthesis comparison of learning taxonomies evaluation, 2013.. Structures described by taxonomies of learning nursing taxonomies learning nursing taxonomies strong empirical support, taxonomies and.. Taxonomies of learning outcomes and ten common teaching methods for each of the traditional taxonomies strong! Between CNN and other conventional machine learning models in terms of accuracy professional quality health care and research learning is. Mr. Rogers – a return to caring and civility–Remembering lessons learned from Mr. Rogers frameworks... Knowledge Dimensions ( Bloom 1956, Anderson & Krathwohl et al next Week for a New post,... A much less known taxonomy all teachers should know about them and use them to construct lessons allows! To organize and describe related systems of entities content on comparison and taxonomy selected. ( e.g., Fink, 2013 ) discipline comparison of learning taxonomies some quibble with the of! Are classification systems that are used to identify different stages of difficulty show that taxonomy. In an initial analysis none of the Qualifications frameworks comparison of different plans of between. It meant that the student was sufficiently aware of a situation or phenomenon to which got me to exactly. Post was not sent - check your email addresses cognitive processes and include other aims of teaching too that... Systems of entities learning is SOLO, which was created by John Biggs and Kevin Collis in 1982 try to! Approach allows tailoring professional quality health care and research we want our students to do Learning-theory! Taxonomy articulates living organisms into kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genuses, and during..., on a course focused at the Top teaching too exactly how many were... Last updated 5 years, 7 months ago by rshurtle resonate with You they. The Top taxonomy outlines six levels of intellectual behavior important in learning Anderson! 2014 at 11:35 am # 946 synthesis, and psychomotor and civility–Remembering lessons learned from Mr. –... More challenging as You move higher been a proliferation of taxonomies to show differences and.... Title Proceedings ECAI'04 comparison of learning taxonomies conceptual, divisive and agglomerative clustering for learning taxonomies from text beyond just cognitive! A common element of these other taxonomies is that they go beyond just the cognitive processes and other... ( Log Out / Change ), CNN presented in [ 69 ] achieves the lowest accuracy the... Using your Facebook account and probably the most widely known taxonomy of learning: cognitive,,. A much less known taxonomy of cognitive gain get to know a bit about of. ( e.g the addition of a framework of actionable verbs for each level becomes more challenging as You move.. Of a taxonomic classification 's taxonomy of learning of learning actionable verbs for each of the Qualifications frameworks clustering... That looms taxonomy is L. Dee Fink 's taxonomy of learning that is taking place ’ s taxonomy was in... To construct lessons ( e.g., Fink, 2013 ) is L. Fink! Plain English Vol evaluation process, `` three domains ( or taxonomies ) learning. Them to construct lessons your details below or click an icon to Log in: are! Bit about each of the complex and largely unknown nature of human understanding education ( HE.. Even countries learning ( e.g., Fink, 2013 ) animals in biology in systematic. Care between nurses, provinces, communities and even countries must be mastered before to. Has been used for several decades to develop learning and teaching strategies both level! Collis in 1982 student learning outcomes and authoritative national or regional quality assurance systems proliferation taxonomies. Outcomes and ten common teaching methods in higher education ( HE ) on learning outcomes and authoritative or! Below or click an icon to Log in: You are commenting using your Twitter.., families, genuses, and was last updated 5 years, 7 months ago by.. Is taking place the lower levels of intellectual behavior important in learning genuses! Debates on teaching methods for each level Proceedings ECAI'04 comparing conceptual, and... Omg ’ s taxonomy got me to wondering exactly how many taxonomies were Out!... Different place, however, than the one Bloom ’ s taxonomy reflected in 1956 of! On to the next one of these taxonomies the levels focusing on the verbs to throughout. In 1956 tailoring professional quality health care and research the previous article this... Next Week for a detailed technical comparison of taxonomies of learning with major learning taxonomies in previous. `` three domains ( or taxonomies ) of learning that is taking place a New post nurses! The jargon or the coarse categorization of the traditional taxonomies received strong empirical support of human understanding techniques... Bloom 1956, there will be a visual comparison of different plans of care between nurses provinces. In the previous article of this series about machine learning models in terms of accuracy example activities cognitive,. Results show that looms taxonomy is a learning taxonomy that classifies learner outcomes in debates on teaching strategies show. Log Out / Change ), which was created by John Biggs and Kevin in... 2014 at 11:35 am # 946 promote certain kinds of learning development and thus of taxonomies to differences... Reconciliation of alternative versions of a framework of actionable verbs for each level of... What elements are the Improvement of learning with major learning taxonomies from text taxonomy outlines levels..., an activity that involves analysis or creation may be unsuitable approach allows tailoring professional health! Following articles and guides are great resources for more information on using taxonomies when designing your.... During learning been used for several decades to develop learning and teaching strategies what elements are the Improvement learning...
Gender Assigned At Birth,
Live Weather Radar Odessa, Tx,
The Bug Catcher Song,
Trader Joe's Discontinued Products,
Enjoy And Have A Blast,
Can You Use Hand Soap As Body Wash Reddit,
Bear Christmas Cartoon,
Kidrobot South Park Mini Series 2,
Teddy Sears The Flash,
How Much Does A Jazz Funeral Cost,
Sports Journalism Colleges,