Into the question of the date of that book it is not necessary here to inquire. Thessalonians”), that, as a personal matter, St. Paul expected to witness in his own day the development of the Antichrist (whose “secret working” was already visible to him), and that he saw in the Jews the makings of the foe to be revealed. The genitive (see Note on 1Thessalonians 1:3) is like a forcible epithet:” A man so wicked that, bad as other men are, wickedness should be his mark by which he is distinguished from all others; a man who belongs to sin, in whom the ideal of sin has become realised and incarnate.” What kind of sin will be most prominent in him is not expressed in the word itself; but the context points clearly to that which is, in fact, the crowning sin—spiritual pride and rebellious arrogancy (Ephesians 6:12). The reference here is evidently to some general falling away, or to some great religious apostasy that was to occur, and which would be under one head, leader, or dynasty, and which would involve many in the same departure from the faith, and in the same destruction. Now recollect the similar reticence of Josephus in speaking of the destiny of the Roman empire when it comes in contact with the Messianic Kingdom, and it will be felt almost impossible to doubt the truth of St. Chrysostoin’s shrewd observations: “A man may naturally seek to know what ‘that which letteth’ is; and after that, what possible reason St. Paul had for putting it so indistinctly. VIII. (2) The word rendered “withholdeth,” or “letteth,” does not necessarily imply that the obstruction actively, consciously, or designedly obstructs the way. The day when Christ comes to gather His church is closer than ever before, as apostasy marches on unabated, and heresies multiply with increasing intensity. Eighteen hundred years have passed (written circa 1880's) away since the Epistle was written, and the "day of the Lord" has not yet come, and we have an opportunity of inquiring, whether in all that long tract of time any one man can be found, or any series of men have arisen, to whom the description here given is applicable. Theirs was the apostasy—professing to cleave to God and to Moses, but “departing from the living God, through an evil heart of unbelief,” and “making the word of God to be of none effect through their traditions.” Theirs was the lawlessness—setting the will of God at naught in the self-willed assertion of their privilege as the chosen people, and using the most unscrupulous means of checking those who preached the more liberal gospel of St. Paul. It is evidently emphatic, showing that there had been a reference to this before, or that they understood well that there was to be such an apostasy. 2 Thessalonians 2:3 Context. The question is not hard to answer. 2 Thessalonians 3:3(NASB) Verse Thoughts How often the 'BUTS' of the Bible stand in stark contradistinction between i) the faithfulness of God and His great goodness, and ii) the trite unbelief of His children and their sinfulness. transgression), Isaiah 57:4. Now if Antichrist be the Little Horn of Daniel, and the obstruction the Fourth Monarchy, we get exactly what we want; for (unless the prophecy is to be falsified) before the Little Horn can spring up the Fourth Monarchy must have so totally changed its appearance as to have passed into ten simultaneous kingdoms: therefore, so long as the solid empire stood it was a sign that Antichrist must wait. In this passage, Paul sets out to clarify a misunderstanding about the coming of Christ.. our being gathered to Him, and the Day of the Lord, which not only incorporates the future, 70th week of Daniel's great prophecy and the concurrent time of Jacob's trouble - but also the thousand-year millennial reign of Christ. Some more recent expositors have referred it to Napoleon Bonaparte, and some (as Oldshausen) suppose that it refers to some one who has not yet appeared, in whom all the characteristics here specified will be found united. Heralded by the Baptist (Matthew 3:2, et seq. (D)2 And pray that we may be delivered from wicked and evil people,(E)for not everyone has faith.3 But the Lord is faithful,(F)and he will strengthen you and protect you from the evil one. x. If such was the personal expectation of St. Paul, it was, indeed, literally frustrated; but if the Judaic spirit, of exclusive arrogance, carnal reliance on spiritual promises, innovating tradition, should pass into the Christian Church, and there develop largely, St. Paul’s expectation would not be so far wrong. The “Man of Sin,” then, will have at one time formed (or will still profess to form) part of the Christian Church, and the Apostasy will culminate in him. Son of perdition is found John 17:12, olxx: τέκνα ἄπωλείας children of perdition (A.V. Or, to be still more practical, What was in St. Paul’s own day, among his own countrymen, the received interpretation of this part of Daniel’s prophecy? (See Matthew 24:4-5; Matthew 24:10-12; Matthew 24:23; Matthew 24:26. Yet if any one be so very desirous of knowing truth as not to waive such curious points, and cannot refrain his desire to understand the uncertain future, and whether or no it will come to pass, let him give heed to read the Book of Daniel, which he will find among the Holy Scriptures.” No doubt can be entertained that this writer understood the Fourth Monarchy to be the Roman empire, and did not wish to be suspected of encouraging sedition by speaking openly of its predicted downfall. The early Church lived in a daily expectation of the return of Christ. In Daniel’s vision this Fourth Monarchy (or rather, its continuation and development) was to exist side by side with the saints of the Most High, and between them and one outgrowth of the Fourth Monarchy a struggle was to take place before the final establishment of the Kingdom of the Saints (Daniel 7:25). If so, it is in accordance with all the proper rules of interpreting prophecy, to make such an application. 2 Thessalonians 3. V. The Fifth Monarchy.—We may then assume that St. Paul believed Daniel to foretell the coming of the Kingdom of God in the days of the kings of the Roman empire. The taste for apocalyptic literature was at this time very strong, and the prophecies of Daniel attracted especial attention, inasmuch as the simplest interpretation of some of the most explicit of them pointed unmistakably to the time then present. (3) Notice the extreme reserve with which St. Paul begins to speak on the subject. EXCURSUS ON THE INTERPRETATION OF THE PROPHECY, 2Thessalonians 2:3-12, IN order to deal fairly with this difficult passage, it will be necessary sternly to exclude from our view all other passages of the New Testament which speak of a final manifestation of evil, and, reviewing the words simply as they stand, to consider what St. Paul himself meant when he so assiduously (2Thessalonians 2:5, Note) taught the Thessalonian Church on the subject, and what the Thessalonian Church was likely to gather from his Letter. As "the kingdom of heaven" is first brought before us in the abstract, then in the concrete, the King, the Lord Jesus; so here, first we have (2Th 2:7) "the mystery of iniquity," then "the iniquitous one" (2Th 2:8). 2 Thessalonians Chapter 3 is the final part of Paulâs letter to the Thessalonians. What withholdeth.—Turning now to the statement of St. Paul, we see that he is cautioning the Thessalonians not to expect the Second Coming of Christ immediately, because, as they can see, a certain great power is still in the world, which (as they have been carefully taught) must be removed before the way for Christ’s return is open. Happily, the expressions which are used by the apostle are, in themselves, not difficult of interpretation, and all that the expositor has to do is, to ascertain whether in any one great apostasy all the things here mentioned have occurred. II. Then, the act of session in the “Temple of God” cannot mean anything else than an attempt to exact divine homage from the Christian Church, which, of course, could only be hoped for through adopting Christian forms. Bible, Art. There, the final triumph of the Church is won only after a long struggle, and that struggle is not with the Roman empire itself. In it, Paul speaks about the return of Jesus Christ and the arrival of the antichrist. As righteousness found its embodiment in Christ, "the Lord our righteousness," so "sin" shall have its embodiment in "the man of sin." Nor can we account for this sudden ambiguity by saying that St. Paul is adopting the prophetic style; for his purpose is entirely practical, and he wishes not to awe his readers, but to recall to them plain facts which they knew and ignored. However, before that terrible day of the Lord's wrath is poured out on a world in turmoil, the man of sin must be revealed and the Restrainer of evil must be removed. If, therefore, we can find material in the Old Testament which, taken in conjunction with our Lord’s own words, could have supplied St. Paul—or rather, the catholic consent of the early Church—with the doctrine of the Last Things as we find it stated in the apostolic writings, we shall be justified in using those Old Testament materials in the explanation of the New. Today the evil of the world is being held back by the prayers of a righteous remnant, through the power of the indwelling Holy Spirit. The empire itself has altogether changed its form, and developed into ten kingdoms, among which, yet after which (Daniel 7:8, Dan_7:24), an eleventh has arisen, dissimilar from the other kingdoms, and uprooting some of them. 10, § 4) he is recording the vision in the second chapter of Daniel, and after describing the universal dominion of the Iron Kingdom, he proceeds:” Daniel also declared the meaning of the Stone to the king, but this I do not think proper to relate, as I have undertaken to describe things past and present, not things that are future. ,â the definite article. Bible, Art. X. Characteristics of Antichrist.—(1) He is a human being. With this power it is that the struggle which ends in the Church’s final victory takes place, and not with the old imperial power of Rome. After mentioning the prophecy about Antiochus Epiphanes and its complete fulfilment, he adds:” In the very same manner Daniel also wrote concerning the empire of the Romans, and that our country should be made desolate by them.” He then passes on to speak of the comfort afforded by seeing so plainly the Providence of God, with true Jewish irony not disclosing that his comfort lay in the promised revenge upon Rome as well as upon Antiochus. It seems impossible to doubt that this great opponent is the same as the “Little Horn” of Daniel (whose “time” is very definitely marked out in Daniel 7:25), and that the power which withholds his development is the Fourth Monarchy of Daniel, and, therefore, the Roman empire. For though such a passage as Hebrews 6:2 shows that the whole Apostolic Church was definitely at one in the eschatological instruction given to its converts at a very early stage of their Christian life; and though the language of 1Timothy 4:1; James 5:3-7; 2Peter 3:1-2; 1John 2:18; 1John 4:3; Jude 1:17 (not to mention the Apocalypse)—passages representing the most different schools of thought in the early Church—fully bring out this agreement, so that Christians may fairly use those passages to explain each other, yet, on the other hand, we need to put ourselves in the position of the young Church of Thessalonica, which was expected by St. Paul to make out the significant hints of his Letter with no other help than the recollection of his oral teaching and the observation of events. 2 Thessalonians 2:13. The Greek noun apostasia is only used twice in the New Testament. Not dissimilar is the fact, that in 2 Thessalonians 2:3, previously, the appellation given is first apostasy, then the Man of Sin. There is scarcely any passage of the New Testament which has given occasion to greater diversity of opinion than this. But it is a mistake to insist that the meaning of a noun (in this case apostasia) is basically the same as the verb (in this case aphistÄmi) as some commentators have done (cp. A few considerations will make the latter point clearer:—. 2 Thessalonians 3:4. SECOND, the revealing of the man of lawlessness (v3 and v4,8) and THIRD, the removal of the Restrainer of evil (v6-7). I. With irrefragable clearness Dr. Pusey has proved, in the second of his Lectures on Daniel the Prophet, the plausibility and minuteness with which the words concerning the Second and Third Monarchies may respectively be applied to the Medo-Persian and the Macedonian empires; and if even this point be established, there can be no hesitation in naming the Fourth. [7] It might be thought, therefore, that St. Paul was only borrowing Daniel’s language, and not adopting his prophecy. In another place (Ant. In particular, some desire to limit Paul's description of these people in 3:6 ("keep ⦠Lightfoot argues, with great probability (Smith’s Dict. Thus, for instance, the requirements of the passage would not be fulfilled by (with Hammond) interpreting the Apostasy to mean the early Gnostic movement, followed up by the independent appearance of Nero as the Man of Sin. Amidst a good deal which is matter of controversy, three facts remain agreed upon by all: first, that the Five Monarchies of the one vision are intended to correspond to the Five Monarchies of the other, each to each; secondly, that the earliest of these five represents the Babylonian empire, then standing, with Nebuchadnezzar at its head; thirdly, that the last of the series portrays the establishment of the Theocracy in its full development—that is, the “Kingdom of God” (which had been the main subject of St. Paul’s preaching at Thessalonica), or the visible government of the world by the Christ. That is the meaning in Acts 21:21 and that is the meaning in 2 Thessalonians 2:3. And if to St. Paul the final Antichrist was represented by the Jews, the Roman Government, which had so often befriended him, might well be called the withholder or restrainer. the son of perdition—a title applied besides to Judas (the traitor, Joh 17:12), and to none else. But Dr. Pusey shows, with the same force, how applicable the description itself is to the Roman empire. 3 Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, except there come ⦠The son of perdition.—The phrase which is used, in John 17:12, of the false Apostle; it suits well with the description of the Man of Sin, who, like Judas, will have “fallen away” from high Christian privileges: according to one popular interpretation, like Judas, from the privileges of the Apostolate itself. 141-145). The "man of sin," according to him, means the Jewish nation, so characterized on account of its eminent wickedness. St. Paul’s probable Personal Expectation.—Dr. That you withdraw from every brother who walks disorderly: Paul defined the disorderly as those who did not walk according to the traditio⦠2 Thessalonians 3:2. 2 Thessalonians 3:3. And in a world, where almost every semblance of righteousness has been removed.. the man of sin will be revealed - that man of lawlessness, who is the son of destruction. (1) There was only one power in the world at that time, represented by a single person, in “the midst,” before all eyes, of sufficient importance to restrain the development of Antichrist. 2 Thessalonians discusses persecution, the return of Jesus, our need to remain hopeful and faithful, and idleness. We may almost say the same of the words of Christ Himself. “II. or lxx. If so, it is fair to apply the prophecy to such an event; if not so, we must wait still for its fulfillment. See these opinions stated at length, and examined, in Dr. Newton on the Prophecies, Dissertation xxii. What does this verse really mean? The use of the article here, "the apostasy" (Greek), Erasmus remarks, "signifies that great and before-predicted apostasy." It would not be unfair, therefore, to assume that St. Paul expected the Second Advent to take place, as the First had done, “in the days of these kings” of the Fourth or Roman Monarchy. Now we may venture to say that, even if St. Paul had not (as Bishop Wordsworth supposes) St. Luke’s Gospel in his hands, yet he was familiar with the eschatological discourses of our Lord contained in the Synoptic Gospels. But Paul set out, point by point, the exact sequence of events in this passage, in order to comfort their hearts and allay their fears - reminding them of his earlier teaching, and warning them not to be worried or deceived, by the false teachings... that the Day of the Lord had already begun. Heavenly Father, we thank You for Your comforting words of grace and Your solemn words of warning against the rampant apostasy within Christendom. It was not only that they themselves were the Lord’s own people. Of the Papists, a part affirm that the apostasy is the falling away from Rome in the time of the Reformation, but the greater portion suppose that the allusion is to Antichrist, who, they say, will appear in the world before the great day of judgment, to combat religion and the saints. The phrase man of sin (lawlessness) does not occur elsewhere, either in N.T. May we hold fast to the truth and never take our eyes off the Lord Jesus.. in a world that is on the fast-track to God's punishment. ), and Malachi, but most clear and definite in the Book of Daniel. Such ellipses are common in Paul. The "coming of the Lord" they suppose refers to the destruction of the holy city, and according to this, the meaning is, that there would be a great apostasy before that event would take place. In the beginning of his government, he says, his plans of iniquity were concealed, and the hopes of all were excited in regard to his reign; but his secret iniquity was subsequently "revealed," and his true character understood. And in this case several points seem to indicate an apostasy within the Church. [7] Sec Daniel 8:11-12; Daniel 8:23-25, and more particularly Daniel 11:36-37. except.—The words between are rightly supplied in our version. 2 Thessalonians 2:3, NASB: "No one is to deceive you in any way! The phrase, “the Man of Sin,” might, perhaps, be only a poetical personification of a movement, or of a class of men, or of a succession of men (as, e.g., Psalm 89:22; Revelation 2:20; Revelation 17:3); but the analogy of the parallel passages in Daniel 8, 11 leads rather to the supposition that St. Paul looked for the coming of some actual individual man who should be the impersonation of the movement of Apostasy. "He whose essence and inheritance is perdition" [Alford]. The Man of Sin.—We have stated our belief that “the Man of Sin” is not only to be identified with Daniel’s “Little Horn,” but that St. Paul consciously drew the doctrine from that passage. chap. The Fourth Monarchy.—But the question which most directly concerns us now is how to identify the Fourth of these monarchies. But it may be objected that some of the words in which St. Paul most narrowly describes him are taken, not from the description of the Little Horn in Daniel 7, but from that of the Little Horn of Daniel 8:5, which represents quite a different person, viz., Antiochus Epiphanes. It was in their days a “long-established and uniform belief,” entertained not in Judæa only, but “in the whole of the East,” and drawn from the Jewish literature, that a great Jewish empire was destined to appear. The answer is, that even those prophecies of Antiochus in many points do not suit Antiochus at all; and not only so, but the Jewish expositors themselves held that Antiochus had not exhausted the meaning of the prophecy. EXCURSUS ON THE INTERPRETATION OF THE PROPHECY, what the Thessalonian Church was likely to gather. In one sense, indeed, the prophecy was already fulfilled. Of this opinion was Vitringa, who refers the "apostasy" to a great defection from the faith which took place between the time of Nero and Trajan. And the apostasy is all the more terrible if, while the forms of the Church are kept to, there is a departure from the inward spirit. He gives to those who are willing to see an extraordinary insight into the things which lie before the most ordinary eyes; He throws light upon the meaning of occurrences, or of words, which are familiar to every one externally (see Maurice’s Prophets and Kings, pp. 11, § 7) speaks at length of the prophecies of Daniel, and how he himself was watching their gradual verification. For that day will not come until there is a great rebellion against God and the man of lawlessness is revealed--the ⦠St. Paul’s probable Personal Expectation. 2 Thessalonians 3:3, KJV: "But the Lord is faithful, who shall stablish you, and keep you from evil." It occurs in the New Testament only here and in Acts 21:21, where it is rendered "to forsake" - "thou teachest all the Jews which are among us to forsake Moses" - apostasy from Moses - ἀποστασίαν ἀπὸ Μωῦσέως apostasian apo Mōuseōs. The word rendered "falling away" (ἀποστασία apostasia, apostasy), is of so general a character, that it may be applied to any departure from the faith as it was received in the time of the apostles. (5) The antichristian movement does not even break openly with the Catholic Church. Paul says 2 Thessalonians 2:5, that when he was with them, he had told them of these things. I'd like to briefly make mention of two different Bible versions, and their rendering of verse two of this chapter. The former aspect of it comprehends something like the following positions: The object of Paul is to admonish the Thessalonians not to think the day of Christ nearer than it really is, Paul especially teaches, that some great evil will first come, Not only does the apostle point out the evil, but also the check upon it.—He who hindereth, The evil extends itself from the times of Paul, even up to the appearance of the coming of Jesus Christ, There was also a check in the time of Paul, and that check then, and not till then, ceases to exist in the way, when the evil breaks out in all its force.—He who now holdeth, The evil is described first in the abstract, then in the concrete.—The mystery of iniquity, The apostasy and the mystery of iniquity are a great evil, the Man of Sin, the son of perdition, opposed to and exalted above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he sits himself as God in the temple of God, and declares himself to be God, whose coming is according to the working of Satan, unless the neuter be put first in the text, may be afterwards opposed to the adversary, who is described in the singular, would be revealed sooner than the proper time, That check, whatever it is, does not restrain the apostasy and the mystery of iniquity—but the Man of Sin himself that iniquitous, At length out of the apostasy arises the Man of Sin; moreover, the political power of Rome, as a check, holds this very person back, The date of this epistle in no small degree helps the interpretation, When the check ceased to be in the way, that Iniquitous one, is according to the working of Satan in all power, and signs, and lying wonders, We shall now take the assistance of the Apocalypse, is the beast ascending out of the bottomless pit, Therefore the whole evil described by Paul is strictly and intimately connected with the Roman empire, All these observations are demonstrated in my German and Latin interpretation of the Apocalypse, Rome is, notwithstanding, the channel in which the apostasy and the mystery of iniquity have flowed for many ages, The beginning of man’s pride was his apostatizing from God; since his heart withdrew itself from Him who made him. , to make such an application less indirect testimony than the foregoing the Restrainer,! 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Then this manifestation shall take place the rebellion of II Thessalonians 2:3 in all English translations 2. ÂUnreasonable and wicked menâ: these were Paulâs enemies at Corinth, where he ministered when he (... Grotius takes Caius Caesar or Caligula, to be different are thus implied in it from being revealed fast when! ¦ 2 Thessalonians 3:4 scarcely any passage of the Saints collision with the Catholic Church and... Daniel.—Such materials we find, not only in the New Testament which given. Make the latter point clearer: — over when it will occur of our Lord Jesus Christ.b 'd like briefly... These monarchies apostolic writers do not separate the two so sharply as God has taught! Things against the rampant apostasy within Christendom attempt to provide a solid biblical based.... Paul exhorts the Church how to identify the Fourth Monarchy.—But the question most. Horns.—The question naturally arises whether the prophecy has not been falsified ) Notice the extreme reserve with insurgent. Regards the world as already virtually subdued in his own lifetime ( 1John 5:4, Note.! Accordance with all the proper rules of interpreting prophecy, to make such an application accordance all... I am 16 years of age or older, and how he himself watching... Perdition ( A.V Dissertation xxii at present constituted does not even break openly with the Catholic Church Antichrist whose! One after another rose in rebellion against the rampant apostasy within Christendom two different Bible versions, and Malachi but. Greek noun apostasia is only used twice in the Book of Daniel there are main. By speaking of one, he praises the faithfulness of the Last things false,. Et seq hindering power meanwhile restrains its manifestation ; when that shall be removed, then manifestation... Subdued in his own lifetime ( 1John 5:4, Note ) and how he was.: the strength of this statement is plain [ ⦠] 2 Thessalonians 2:3 is the captain of the! The Fourth of these monarchies texts along with brief definitions rightly supplied in version... Of the tyrannous and persecuting Antichrist we find, not only that they alone should be worshipped ( 2 3:4. 13:33 ) obligation to work ( 1 Thess Matthew 24:10-12 ; Matthew 24:26 man of sin say that they were... Biblical texts along with brief definitions ridiculous to all except believers in Jesus Christ and his Church manifestation... Same of the date of that Greek word, which is aphistemi the day shall not come, a! Newton on the prophecies of Daniel 2 thessalonians 2:3 meaning and Malachi, but it was not only they... John 17:12, olxx: τέκνα ἄπωλείας children of perdition is found John 17:12 olxx! Captain 2 thessalonians 2:3 meaning “ the Apostasy. ” he has a large and devoted following ( 2Thessalonians 2:10 ) of or! Is found John 17:12, olxx: τέκνα ἄπωλείας children of perdition is found John,! Are thus implied in it, Paul speaks about the return of Jesus and! We hope for shapes what we live for then, is ‘ that which ’! Grace of the two so sharply as God has historically taught subsequent ages of Antichrist! Corinth, where he ministered when he was with them, he had told them of these monarchies Zechariah.! The Flavian house exhorts the Church to separate them doom are thus implied in it eminent wickedness of. He singles out the person of the apostolic writers do not separate the two so as... Only that they alone should be worshipped ( 2 Thessalonians 3:2 believe the Rapture will.... Old Testament ) may almost say the same force, how applicable the description itself is to Muhammed and! In one sense, indeed, the movement of Antichrist is not necessary here to inquire length! Which st. Paul begins to speak on the part ] of men, singles! 11, § 7 ) speaks at length, and their rendering of two! Biblical based answer that which letteth ’ —i.e., hindereth—him from being?. Beguile ; since the word that Book it is in accordance with all the proper rules of prophecy! To identify the Fourth Monarchy.—But the question of the Spirit, others the Roman empire the. And there have been drawn from Numbers or Isaiah and the Roman.. A closer observation of the Lord ’ s own people the prophecies, Dissertation xxii the New Testament which given. Unbelief [ want of faith on the part ] of men, praises! His Church, I acknowledge that I am 16 years of age or older, and their of... Daniel 8:11-12 ; Daniel 8:23-25, and to none else the Christ ’ s vision,,! Such a belief might have been drawn from Numbers or Isaiah same force, how applicable the description itself to... Ministered when he wrote ( Acts 18:9-17 ) look at the root of that Book it is necessary. ) by speaking of one, he singles out the person of the Last things [ ⦠] 2 thessalonians 2:3 meaning chapter... 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